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The UAE has lowered the age of majority from 21 to 18

The UAE has lowered the age of majority from 21 to 18

The United Arab Emirates has made an important decision regarding the age of majority, lowering it from 21 to 18. This change not only reflects the country’s desire to adapt to international standards, but also makes significant adjustments to the legal system based on the Gregorian calendar, as opposed to the traditional Islamic Hijri calendar.

Transition to the Gregorian calendar

An important aspect of this change is the transition to using the Gregorian calendar to determine the age of majority. The Gregorian calendar, consisting of 364-365 days per year, differs from the Islamic Hijri calendar, which has approximately 354 days. This difference in the length of the year creates complications in legal matters and international transactions, especially when it comes to cross-border contracts and documents.

Lowering the age of majority based on the Gregorian calendar simplifies legal procedures and makes them more understandable for foreign citizens and companies operating in the UAE. The age at which citizens can be considered fully capable is now in line with international standards, which contributes to improving the legal climate and increasing the country’s attractiveness to foreign investors.

Full legal capacity

With the introduction of the new law, individuals who have reached the age of 18 are granted full legal capacity. This means that they can:

1. Maintain their own documentation — young people can now manage their own documents, including passports and birth certificates, without the need for permission from parents or guardians.

2. Manage their assets — citizens can dispose of their financial resources, open bank accounts, invest, and make decisions about their assets.

3. Participate in legal proceedings — young people can now appear in court as plaintiffs or defendants, which gives them the opportunity to defend their rights and interests.

4. Make independent financial and legal decisions — they can enter into contracts, take out loans, and make other important financial decisions, which significantly increases their autonomy.

Impact on society and the economy

This change also has a significant impact on the country’s society and economy. On the one hand, it promotes greater responsibility among young people, allowing them to take a more active part in the life of the country. On the other hand, it may lead to an increase in the number of young entrepreneurs and active citizens, which in turn will contribute to economic development.

In addition, the new legislation may help improve the UAE’s image on the international stage by demonstrating the country’s commitment to modern legal and social standards.

Despite the positive aspects, experts are concerned about the potential risks associated with this reform.

Protecting the interests of minors

To minimize risks, courts reserve the right to intervene in situations where there is evidence of incapacity, abuse, or mismanagement. This is particularly relevant in cases involving significant assets or financial obligations. Parents and guardians should be aware that once their children reach the age of 18, they can act independently, and it is in their best interest to put special protective measures in place in advance.

Parents play a key role in preparing their children for adulthood. It is important not only to inform young people about new opportunities, but also to teach them the basics of financial literacy and the rights and responsibilities they acquire upon reaching the age of majority. This will help young people better navigate complex situations and make informed decisions.

Lowering the age of majority in the Emirates is a step towards modernizing and adapting the legal system to the demands of the times. The change could be a catalyst for further reforms and improvements in the quality of life in the country, making it a more attractive place to live and work. However, like any change, it requires a careful approach and preparation on the part of both the state and parents. Ensuring the protection of young people’s interests and preparing them for adult life will be important factors in determining the success of this reform.

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Privacy policy regarding the processing of personal data.

1. General provisions

1.1. This personal data processing policy has been drawn up in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 152-FZ of July 27, 2006, “On Personal Data” (hereinafter referred to as the Personal Data Law) and defines the procedure for processing personal data and measures to ensure the security of personal data No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data” (hereinafter referred to as the Personal Data Law) and defines the procedure for processing personal data and measures to ensure the security of personal data taken by Website Administrator, an individual, email address for sending legally significant messages: aleeks777@yandex.ru (hereinafter referred to as the Operator) considers compliance with the rights and freedoms of citizens to be one of the most important conditions for carrying out its activities.

1.2. The Operator's policy regarding the processing of personal data (hereinafter referred to as the Policy) applies to all information that the Operator may receive about visitors to the websites: make-biz.com. Personal data is processed in accordance with Federal Law No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data”.

2. Key terms used in the Policy

2.1. Website — a collection of graphic and informational materials, as well as computer programs and databases that make them available on the Internet at the network address make-biz.com

2.2. User — any visitor to the website make-biz.com.

2.3. Personal data — any information relating to the User of the make-biz.com website.

2.4. Processing of personal data — any action with personal data, performed with or without the use of computers.

2.5. Depersonalization of personal data – actions that make it impossible to determine the ownership of personal data to a specific User or person without using additional information;

2.6. Distribution of personal data – any actions that result in the disclosure of personal data to an indefinite circle of persons;

2.7. Provision of personal data – any actions that result in the disclosure of personal data to a specific group of persons;

2.8. Destruction of personal data – any actions that result in the irrevocable destruction of personal data in personal data information systems and/or on any other physical media.

3. The Operator may process the following personal data of the User:

3.1. List of personal data processed by the Operator: surname, first name, patronymic, telephone number, email address.

3.2. The Operator may process Users' personal data regardless of their citizenship and location, subject to compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on personal data.

3.3. In addition, the website collects and processes anonymized data about visitors (including cookies) using internet statistics and analytics services (Yandex Metrica and others). Anonymized data is not used to identify a specific User without their consent and is used exclusively for statistical analysis, improving the performance and content of the website.

3.4. The Operator processes the personal data of the following categories of personal data subjects: users of the make-biz.com website who have requested advice or submitted personal data via the website forms for the purposes provided for in this Policy.

3.5. The Operator performs the following actions with personal data: collection, recording, systematization, accumulation, storage, clarification (updating, changing), use, depersonalization, destruction.

3.6. Automated processing of personal data

3.6.1. The Operator performs both automated and non-automated processing of personal data, including the receipt, transfer, storage, and use of information using information and telecommunications networks.

3.7. The Operator processes only those personal data that are necessary to achieve the processing purposes specified in this Policy and does not allow the processing of excessive personal data.

3.8. The operator does not process special categories of personal data provided for in Article 10 of Federal Law No. 152-FZ, including data on race, nationality, political views, religious or philosophical beliefs, health status, personal life, except in cases expressly provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3.9. The Operator does not process Users' biometric personal data within the meaning of Article 11 of Federal Law No. 152-FZ.

4. Purposes of personal data processing

4.1. The user's personal data — surname, first name, patronymic, telephone number, email address — is processed for the following purposes: Making an appointment with a lawyer or specialist, consulting the Customer, sending notifications to the Customer. The Operator has the right to send the User notifications about new products and services, special offers, and various events. The User can always opt out of receiving informational messages by sending a letter to the Operator at aleeks777@yandex.ru.

4.2. Anonymized User data collected using Internet statistics services is used to collect information about User actions on the website and to improve the quality of the website and its content. Anonymized data is not used to identify a specific User without their consent.

5. Legal grounds for processing personal data

5.1. The Operator processes the User's personal data only if it is sent by the User through the forms located on the website make-biz.com. The legal basis for the processing of personal data is the voluntary consent of the personal data subject to the processing of their personal data, expressed by filling out feedback forms on the website make-biz.com and placing a corresponding mark of consent to this Policy.

5.2. The processing of anonymized data about the User, including cookies, is carried out with the consent of the User, expressed by continuing to use the site and/or by checking the appropriate box in the site interface, as well as with browser settings enabled that allow the use of cookies and JavaScript technology.

If the User does not agree to the processing of cookies, they must stop using the Website or independently change their browser settings to prohibit the storage of cookies and the use of JavaScript technology. The Operator hereby notifies that the complete or partial disabling of cookies may result in the incorrect functioning of certain features or sections of the Website, for which the Operator shall not be liable.

5.3. Principles of personal data processing

5.3.1. Personal data is processed on a lawful, fair, and transparent basis in accordance with Article 5 of Federal Law No. 152-FZ.

5.3.2. The processing of personal data is limited to the achievement of specific, predetermined, and lawful purposes specified in this Policy.

5.3.3. The Operator processes only those personal data that are necessary and sufficient to achieve the purposes of processing. The processing of personal data that does not correspond to the stated purposes or is excessive in relation to them is not permitted.

5.3.4. Personal data must be accurate, up-to-date, and updated as necessary; the Operator takes reasonable measures to delete or correct incomplete or inaccurate data.

5.3.5. It is not permitted to combine databases containing personal data that is processed for incompatible purposes.

5.4. Processing of personal data without the consent of the data subject

The Operator has the right to process personal data without the consent of the data subject in cases provided for in Article 6 of Federal Law No. 152-FZ, including the performance of a contract, compliance with legal requirements, or the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the Operator and third parties.

6. Procedure for collecting, storing, transferring, and other types of processing of personal data

6.1. The operator ensures the security of personal data and takes all possible organizational and technical measures to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing personal data, including restricting access to personal data, using information security measures and antivirus software, and monitoring compliance with personal data security requirements.

6.2. The transfer of personal data to third parties is permitted only in cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as when involving persons who ensure the functioning of the website and the provision of services, provided that they comply with the requirements of the legislation on personal data.

6.3. If inaccuracies are found in personal data, the User may update them by sending a notification to the Operator by email to the Operator's email address aleeks777@yandex.ru with the subject line “Update of personal data”.

6.4. The User's personal data is processed and stored for no longer than is necessary for the purposes of processing personal data, or until the User withdraws their consent to the processing of personal data, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The User may withdraw their consent to the processing of personal data at any time by sending a notification to the Operator by email to the Operator's email address aleeks777@yandex.ru with the subject line “Withdrawal of consent to the processing of personal data”.

6.5. If the purposes of personal data processing are achieved or the User withdraws their consent to the processing of personal data, the personal data shall be destroyed within a period not exceeding 30 calendar days, unless otherwise provided by law. The destruction of personal data is carried out by deleting it from the Operator's information systems and/or destroying physical media.

6.5.1. If it is necessary to temporarily suspend the processing of personal data (for example, if inaccuracies are identified, complaints are received from personal data subjects, or security breaches are suspected), the Operator shall block the personal data until the situation is resolved, without losing the possibility of its subsequent lawful processing, in accordance with Article 16 of Federal Law No. 152.

6.6. Before starting to transfer personal data across borders, the Operator has to make sure that the foreign country where the personal data is going to be transferred provides adequate protection of the rights of personal data subjects. Cross-border transfer of personal data is done in line with the requirements of Article 12 of Federal Law No. 152-FZ.

6.7. The Operator shall take the necessary and sufficient legal, organizational, and technical measures to protect personal data. The Operator shall not be liable to the User for any losses or other negative consequences arising from the disclosure or loss of personal data if such an event occurred:

- as a result of actions, inaction, or violations by the User of information security requirements, including the independent transfer of personal data, passwords, access codes to third parties, providing access to the User's email or devices, as well as other compromises of personal data for reasons beyond the Operator's control;

- as a result of unlawful actions of third parties committed using malicious software or vulnerabilities that could not be prevented by available means of information protection at the time of the incident (including zero-day attacks);

- due to the occurrence of force majeure circumstances within the meaning of Article 401 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

6.8. The recording, systematization, accumulation, storage, and clarification of personal data of citizens of the Russian Federation are carried out using databases located on the territory of the Russian Federation (“in accordance with Article 18 of Federal Law No. 152”).

6.9. Continuation of processing after withdrawal of consent

6.9.1. In the event of withdrawal of the User's consent, the Operator has the right to continue processing personal data if there are grounds provided for by Federal Law No. 152-FZ, including the performance of a contract, compliance with legal requirements, or the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the Operator and third parties.

7. Final provisions

7.1 The User may obtain any clarifications on issues of interest concerning the processing of their personal data by contacting the Operator via email at aleeks777@yandex.ru with the subject line “Clarifications on the processing of personal data.”

7.2 This document will reflect any changes in the Operator's personal data processing policy. In the event of significant changes, information may be sent to the User at the email address they have provided.

7.3. This Policy is valid indefinitely until it is replaced by a new version and is subject to free access on the Internet at make-biz.com.

8. Rights of the personal data subject

8.1. The User has the right to:

— receive information about the procedure and scope of data provision, limited to information relating only to the personal data subject.

— request clarification, blocking, or destruction of their personal data if it is incomplete, outdated, inaccurate, or processed in violation of Russian law;

— appeal against unlawful actions or inaction of the Operator to Roskomnadzor or a court;

— restrict the processing of personal data for marketing purposes;

— withdraw consent to the processing of personal data.

8.2. The Operator shall consider requests from personal data subjects and send a response within 30 calendar days from the date of receipt of the request, unless another period is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The response shall be sent to the email address specified by the personal data subject or by other means agreed with the subject.

8.3. User responsibility

8.3.1. The user is responsible for providing inaccurate personal data about themselves or other persons, as well as for providing data about third parties without their consent, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.